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In a medium bowl, stir together the flour, baking soda, and salt.
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In a large bowl, combine the buttermilk, butter, and egg yolks.
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In another medium bowl, beat the egg whites until stiff peaks form.
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Add the dry ingredients to the buttermilk mixture and stir just until combined.
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Using a rubber spatula, gently fold the beaten egg whites into the batter just until combined.
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Heat a lightly buttered griddle or cast-iron skillet.
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For each pancake, gently spread 1/4 cup of the batter on the hot surface to form a 4-inch circle. Cook over moderately low heat until the top is set, about 2 minutes. Flip the pancakes and continue cooking until golden, about 1 minute longer.
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Transfer to a large plate and keep warm while you cook the remaining pancakes.
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Divide the pancakes among plates, and serve with your favorite maple or fruit syrup.